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THE definite article

when the speaker knows what particular thing is meant.

Ex:Where is the key?

When the speaker uses a word for the second time in the text.

Ex: The man is stout.

When the noun denotes a thing unique.

Ex: the moon, the sun, the universe, the man.

Adjective in the superlative degree.

Ex: The most interesting film it was.

Before some pronouns and adjectives.

Ex:the same, the all, the right, the wrong, the following, the last,

the only, the whole.

f) before the ordinal numerals.

Ex: the first.

g) before the substantivized and participles.

Ex: The blind can't see. The wounded filled the hospital.

h) before president, manager, captain, director.

i)before musical instruments.

Ex: the piano, the guitar

j) before some countries and cities.

Ex: The UK, The USA, The UAE, the Ukraine, the Fhilippines, the Argentina, the Netherlands, the Kogue, the Caucoses, the Creamea.

k) before names of oceans, seas, rivers, ponts, channels, range of mountains.

A, an indefinite article

a) we use a when we express nouns in singular denoting one class.

Ex: A tiger is a wild animal.

b) when we use the noun for the first time.

Ex: I saw a man yesterday.

c) nouns denote professions or characteristic.

Ex: He is a doctor. He is a good boy.

d) “a” means “every”.

Ex: A child can understand it.

e) after such, rather, quite.

Ex:Today it is such a wonderful weather.

f) before adjectives.

Ex: It's an interesting film.

g) “a” means “one”.

Ex: I will be back in a day.

h) before some illnesses.

Ex: a headache, an earache, a stomachache, a flu.